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VIII SOCIAL SCIENCE URBAN CHANGES DURING THE BRITISH PERIOD EVALUATIOIN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
URBAN CHANGES DURING THE BRITISH PERIOD
EVALUATION
I Choose the correct answer
1. Ancient towns are
a) Harappa and Mohenjodaro
b) Delhi and Hyderabad
c) Bombay and Calcutta
d) None of the above
Ans: a) Harappa and Mohenjodaro
2. Coastal towns developed by the British were
a) Surat
b) Goa
c) Bombay
d) All of these
Ans: d) All of these
3. A new trend of urbanisation began in the latter half of 19th century as a result of
a) Opening of Suez Canal
b) Introduction of steam navigation
c) Construction of railways
d) All the above
Ans: d) All the above
4. The British arrived India
a) for trading
b) for preaching their religion
c) for working
d) for ruling
Ans: a) for trading
5. Fort St. George was constructed by the British in
a) Bombay
b) Cuddalore
c) Madras
d) Calcutta
Ans: c) Madras
6. Which of the following port was the East India Company’s principal settlement until 1774?
a) Fort William
b) Fort St. David
c) Fort St. George
d) None of these
Ans: c) Fort St. George
II Fill in the blanks
1. The network of railroads in India was introduced in __________.
Ans: 1853
2. ____________rightly regarded as the Father of Local Self - Government in India.
Ans: Lord Ripon
3. The Government of India Act of 1919 introduced ____________in the provinces.
Ans:Dyarchy
4. ______________was responsible for the formation of the corporation.
Ans: Sir Josiah child
5. Francis Day and Andrew Cogan got permission to establish a factory – cum trading post at madrasapatnam in___________.
Ans: 1639
III Match the following
Ans:
IV State true or false
1. Towns flourished since pre-historic times in India.
Ans: True
2. British acquired political control after the Battle of Plassey.
Ans: True
3. Fort William is in Madras.
Ans: False
4. Army people began to live in cantonments.
Ans: True
5. Madras was officially renamed as Chennai in 1998.
Ans: False
V. Choose the correct statement
1. Assertion: India became the agricultural colony of Britain.
Reason: The one-way free trade policy followed by British and the Industrial revolution destroyed Indian indigenous industries.
a) A is correct and R is Wrong
b) A is wrong and R is Correct
c) A is correct and R explains A
d) A is correct and R does not explain A
Ans: c) A is correct and R explains A
2. Which of the following statement(s) is/are not true?
i) Srirangarayalu gave the English the grant of Madrasapatnam.
ii) Day and Cogan were jointly responsible for the construction of Fort St. George.
iii) In 1969 the state of Madras was rechristened as Tamil Nadu.
a) i only
b) i and ii
c) ii and iii
d) iii only
Ans: c) ii and iii
3. Assertion (A): British built up their alternative capitals in hilly areas.
Reason (R): They found the Indian summer inhospitable.
a) A is correct and R is Wrong
b) A is wrong and R is Correct
c) A is correct and R explains A
d) A is correct and R does not explain A
Ans: c) A is correct and R explains A
VI Answer the following in one or two sentences
1. What is an urban area?
An urban area is one that has a high population density engaged in occupations other than food production, living in a highly built environment.
2. Hilly areas were distinctive features of colonial urban development. Why?
💮 The British coming from a cool temperate climate, found the Indian summer season inhospitable.
💮 So the cool climate of Indian hills was seen as protective and advantage.
💮 It protected the Europeans from hot weather and epidemics.
💮 Hill stations were developed both in North and South India, e.g. Simla, Nainital, Darjeeling, Ootacamund and Kodaikanal.
3. Name the three Presidency cities?
Madras
Bombay
Calcutta
4. State any four reason for the new trend of urbanization in the 19th century.
A new trend of urbanisation began in the latter half of the nineteenth century as a result of
💮 the opening of Suez Canal,
💮 introduction of steam navigation,
💮 construction of railways, canals, harbours,
💮 growth of factory industries, coal mining, tea plantation, banking, shipping and insurance.
5. Write short note on Cantonment towns
💮 The British occupied the Indian territory and political power by their military force.
💮 So they needed strong military camps and established the cantonments.
💮 The cantonments were thus an entirely new kind of urban centres.
💮 Army people began to live in these places and gradually they were grown up a city. For e.g. Kanpur, Lahore
6. What were the regions covered in the Madras presidency during British regime?
The Madras presidency during the British regime covered a vast exopause of the southern part of India that encompasses modern day
Tamil Nadu,
the Lakshadweep Island,
Northern Kerala,
Rayalaseema,
coastal Andhra,
districts of Karnataka and
various districts of southern Odisha.
VII Answer the following in detail
1. Describe the colonial urban development.
British developed new centres of trade like Calcutta, Madras and Bombay on the eastern and western coastal areas.
a. Port cities
The British arrived in India for trading. Madras, Calcutta and Bombay became the important ports. They played important role in trade.
b. Cantonment towns
The British occupied the Indian territory and political power by their military force. So they needed strong military camps and established the cantonments.
c. Hill stations
Hill stations were distinctive features of colonial urban development.
d.Railway towns
Railway towns were also a type of urban settlements and were established in 1853 after the introduction of railways by the British.
2. Trace the origin and growth of Madras.
💮 Madras was once a group of villages set amidst palm fringed paddy fields until two English East India Company merchants visited there.
💮 Raja Mahal in Chandragiri palace, where Sir Francis Day of the East India Company was granted land in 1639 in order to set up a factory which later came to be known as Madras.
💮 This first factory was completed on St. George’s Day, 23 April 1640 and named Fort St. George.
💮 The Madras presidency was an administrative sub division which was referred to as the Madras province.
💮 The Madras presidency during the British regime covered a vast exopause of the southern part of India that encompasses modern day Tamil Nadu, the Lakshadweep Island, Northern Kerala, Rayalaseema, coastal Andhra, districts of Karnataka and various districts of southern Odisha.
💮 After independence in 1947 the Madras presidency became the state of Madras and the other regions that were a part of the erstwhile presidency were constituted in separate states of Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Mysore under the States Reorganisation Act, 1956.
💮 Later on in 1969 the State of Madras was rechristened as Tamil Nadu. On 17th July 1996, Madras was officially renamed as Chennai.
3. India became an agricultural colony of Britain. How?
💮 In the beginning of the eighteenth century, the policies of the British proved harmful to the process of urbanisation.
💮 Later, the economic policies followed by the British led to the rapid transformation of India’s economy into a colonial economy and development of cities.
💮 With the help of one–way free trade predominance of British, Indian manufacturing industries were destroyed.
💮 The traditional industrial base of Indian cities, made by the indigenous handicraft production was destroyed by Industrial revolution.
💮 The high import duties and other restrictions imposed on the import of Indian goods into Britain and Europe led to the decline of Indian industries.
💮 Thus, India became the agricultural colony of Britain.
