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Class VII T1 U6 Health and Hygiene Textbook Solutions
UNIT – 6 HEALTH AND HYGIENE
EVALUATION
I. Choose the appropriate answer:
1. Ravi has sound mind and physically fit body. It refers to____________.
a. hygiene b. Health c. cleanliness d. Wealth
Ans: d. Wealth
2. Sleep is not only good for our body, but it is also good for_________.
a. enjoyment b. Relaxation c. mind d. Environment
Ans: c. mind
3. Our living place should be _________.
a. open b. Closed c. clean d. unclean / untidy
Ans: c. clean
4. Tobacco chewing causes _________.
a. anemia b. Periodontitis c. tuberculosis d. Pneumonia
Ans: b. Periodontitis
5. The first aid is to _________.
a. save money
b. prevent scars
c. prevent the medical care
d. relieve the pain
Ans: d. relieve the pain
II. Fill in the blanks.
1. A group of people living together in a particular area is called ___________
Ans: community
2. I am green colour box with garbage. I am ________ .
Ans: biodegradable dustbin
3. Eyes are considered as ___________ to the world.
Ans: windows
4. The hair follicles produce ___________ which keeps the hair smooth.
Ans: Oil
5. Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium ___________.
Ans: Mycobacterium tuberculae
III. State true or false. If false, correct the statement.
1. All food should be covered.
Ans: True
2. Chicken pox is also known as leucoderma.
Ans: False
Chicken pox is also known as varicella.
3. Stomach ulcer is a non- communicable disease.
Ans: True
4. Rabies is a fatal disease.
Ans: True
5. First – degree burns damage the whole skin
Ans: False
First-degree burns affects only the outer layer of the skin.
IV. Match the following.
Ans:
V. Analogy.
1. First degree burn : Epidermis :: Second degree burn : ______________
Ans: Dermis
2. Typhoid : Bacteria :: Hepatitis : ________
Ans: Virus
3. Tuberculosis : Air :: Cholera : ___________
Ans: Water
VI. Consider the following statements and choose the correct option.
a) Both A and R are true
b) Both A and R are false
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true
1. Assertion: Oral hygiene is good.
Reason: Sound teeth has healthy gums with healthy surrounding tissues.
Ans: a) Both A and R are true
2. Assertion: Chicken pox is a viral communicable disease.
Reason: It is characterized by rashes on the whole body, fever, head ache and tiredness.
Ans: a) Both A and R are true
VII. Answer very briefly.
1. What is hygiene?
Hygiene refers to the good habits and their practices which are followed to prevent diseases, maintain good health, especially through cleanliness, consumption of safe drinking water and proper disposal of sewage.
2. Write about the right way of protecting the eyes.
Protecting the eyes can reduce the odds of blindness and vision loss.
We should protect our eye from the diseases, surroundings and climate condition.
Eat foods rich in vitamins like carrots, papaya.
Do not work on Computer for a long time.
Do not watch TV for a long time
Do not rub your eyes unnecessarily.
If needed, wash your eyes only with cold water.
3. How to keep your hair clean and healthy?
Regular hair wash and massage of the scalp will remove the dead skin cells, excess oil and dust.
Rinsing the hair well with clear water and using good toothed comb for hair dressing is highly essential for the maintenance of hair.
4. Sobi frequently plays with her mobile. Suggest your ideas to protect her eye from irritation?
Playing on mobile is not at all advisable.
Upon necessary, use the mobile with proper distance from the eye.
For irritation, antibiotic eye drops may be used after consulting with ophthalmologist.
5. Give any two communicable diseases, which spread in your locality during monsoon.
Tuberculosis
Cholera
6. What first aid will you provide in the case of bruises?
A scratch is a surface damage that does not penetrate the lower tissues.
The affected area should be washed with cold running water and cleaned with an antiseptic liquid.
7. Ravi said, Ganga had minor burn, so I washed it with water. Do you agree with his statement? Explain, why?
Yes.
In case of minor burns, the affected area should be washed with cold water and an antiseptic cream should be applied.
VIII. Answer briefly.
1. Why first aid is essential?
First aid is the immediate treatment given to the victim of trauma or sudden
illness before medical help is made available.
First aid is important for following reasons.
It saves the life.
It prevents further bleeding and determine the condition of the patient.
It relieves the pain.
It provides a medical care available at the earliest.
2. What steps you will follow to keep your teeth healthy?
Teeth is essential for good appearance and clear speech also.
Brushing two times a day will prevent the formation of tartar and plaque on your teeth and gums.
Flossing will remove food particles, plaque and bacteria which build up between the teeth.
Avoiding chewing of tobacco.
Eating well balanced diet
3. What does this picture mean?
Do not throw away the waste /Do not pollute the environment by throwing waste.
4. Distinguish communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases.
5. Name the mode of transmission of communicable diseases.
Communicable diseases spreads from one person to the other through various modes; they are
Air
Water
Food
Vectors
6. Your friend says that her hair is thin, spares and lost very often. Suggest your ideas to reduce this problem.
☆The condition of the hair reflects to some extent the nutritional status and general health of the body.
☆Thin, sparse hair and the loss of hair indicates a poor nutritional status.
Ideas to reduce the problems are;
☆The regular hair wash and massaging the scalp will remove the dead skin cells, excess oil and dust.
☆Rinsing the hair well with clear water and using a good toothed comb for hair dressing is highly essential for their maintenance.
☆Using chemicals to wash the hair must be avoided.
☆Eating a well-balanced diet will help to promote hair growth.
IX. Answer in detail.
1. Write about any three communicable diseases in detail.
Communicable diseases are those diseases that spread from one person to another. Healthy persons must be protected from people with communicable diseases. Diseases spread through contaminated air, water, food or vectors (insects and other animals).
1. Tuberculosis:
Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculae
Mode of Transmission:
Spreads from one person to another person through air, spitting, prolonged contact and sharing materials of the patient.
Symptoms:
The symptoms are fever, weight loss, chronic cough, bloody spitting and difficulty in breathing.
Prevention and treatment
☆BCG vaccination.
☆Giving special attention to the patient.
☆Regular medication like DOT.
2.Hepatitis:
Hepatitis is one of the most dangerous and fatal diseases caused by Hepatitis virusA, B, C, D, E.
Mode of Transmission:
Its mode of transmission is contaminated water, sharing of needles and blood transfusion.
Symptoms:
The symptoms of hepatitis is loss of appetite (anorexia), vomiting, eyes and urine turning to yellow colour.
Prevention and treatment:
☆Drinking boiled water
☆Proper cleaning of hands
3.Rabies:
Rabies is a fatal disease
Mode of Transmission:
It is transmitted by the bite of the infected dog, rabbit, monkey, cat etc. The virus present in the saliva of dogs enters the brain via neurons.
Symptoms:
The symptoms of rabies are hydrophobia (extreme fear for water), fever for 2 – 12 weeks and exaggerations in behaviour.
Prevention and treatment:
☆In early stages rabies is very difficult to detect.
☆After an animal is bitten it usually takes two to twelve weeks to show any symptoms and it may take as long as two years also.
☆Fatality can be prevented by timely vaccination before the onset of symptoms.
2. List the situations in which first aid is given. What would you do if a person suffers from skin burns?
First aid is the immediate treatment given to the victim of trauma or sudden illness before medical help is made available.
First aid is important for the following reasons.
It saves lives.
It prevents further bleeding and determines the condition of the patient.
It relieves the pain.
It provides medical care available at the earliest.
Skin Burn:
Mostly burns are caused by scalds, building fires, flammable liquid and gases. There are three types of burns, according to the degree of burning.
First Aid for Burning
In case of minor burns, the affected area should be washed with cold water and an antiseptic cream should be applied.
In case of severe burns, where deeper layers of tissues get destroyed and blisters appear, use of water should be avoided.
The burnt area should be covered with a clean non-sticking cloth or bandages.
Larger burns need immediate medical attention. It is very important to keep a fire extinguisher readily available.
3. How the diseases are transmitted from one person to the other person?
A disease is the functional or physical change from a normal state that affects the health of a person by causing disability or discomfort.
Diseases that are caused by pathogens and can be transmitted from an infected person to a healthy person directly or indirectly are called communicable diseases.
Healthy persons must be protected from people with communicable diseases.
The cycle given below shows how the diseases are transmitted through various modes.
X. Higher order thinking question.
A person is sleeping during day time. Why does this happen to some people that they feel sleepy during day time in office or in the classroom? Have you ever come across such situation? Explain.
Yes. I've seen some of my classmates feeling sleepy in the classrooms.
Probable reasons for sleeping during the day-time may be, due to;
Nutritional deficiencies
Anemia
Consumption of heavy and high fatty food
Consumption of heavy dose medicines etc
