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VIII SS T1 HISTORY U2 FROM TRADE TO TERRITORY TEXTBOOK SOLUTIONS
UNIT 2
FROM TRADE TO TERRITORY…..
EVALUATION:
I. Choose the correct answer
1. The ruler of Bengal in 1757 was ___________ .
a) Shuja-ud-daulah
b) Siraj – ud – daulah
c) Mir Qasim
d) Tipu Sultan
Ans: a) Shuja-ud-daulah
2. The Battle of Plassey was fought in ___________.
a) 1757 b) 1764 c) 1765 d) 1775
Ans: a) 1757
3. Which among the following treaty was signed after Battle of Buxar?
a) Treaty of Allahabad
b) Treaty of Carnatic
c) Treaty of Alinagar
d) Treaty of Paris
Ans: a) Treaty of Allahabad
4. The Treaty of Pondichery brought the ___________ Carnatic war to an end .
a) First b) Second
c) Third d) None
Ans: b) Second
5. When did Hyder Ali crown on the throne of Mysore?
a) 1756 b) 1761 c) 1763 d) 1764
Ans: b) 1761
6. Treaty of Mangalore was signed between ___________.
a) The French and Tipu Sultan
b) Hyder Ali and Zamorin of Calicut
c) The British and Tipu Sultan
d) Tipu Sultan and Marathas
Ans: c) The British and Tipu Sultan
7. Who was the British Governor General during Third Anglo-Mysore War?
a) Robert Clive b) Warren Hastings
c) Lord Cornwallis d) Lord Wellesley
Ans: c) Lord Cornwallis
8. Who signed the Treaty of Bassein with the British?
a) Bajirao II
b) Daulat Rao Scindia
c) Sambhaji Bhonsle
d) Sayyaji Rao Gaekwad
Ans: a) Bajirao II
9. Who was the last Peshwa of Maratha empire?
a) Balaji Vishwanath b) Baji Rao II
c) Balaji Baji Rao d) Baji Rao
Ans: d) Baji Rao
10. Who was the first Indian state to join the subsidiary Alliance?
a) Awadh b) Hyderabad
c) Udaipur d) Gwalior
Ans: b) Hyderabad
II Fill in the blanks
1. The Treaty of Alinagar was signed in___________ .
Ans: 1757
2. The commander in Chief of Sirajuddaulah was ___________ .
Ans: Mir Jafar
3. The main cause for the Second Carnatic war was ___________.
Ans: the issue of succession
4. ___________adopted the policy of Doctrine of Lapse to extend the British Empire in India.
Ans: Lord Dalhousie
5. Tipu Sultan was finally defeated at the hands of ___________ .
Ans: Arthur Wellesely
6. After the death of Tipu Sultan Mysore was handed over to ___________ .
Ans: Krishna Raja Odayar
7. In 1800, ___________established a college at Fort William in Calcutta.
Ans: Lord Wellesley
III Match the following
IV State true or false
1. After the death of Alivardi Khan, Siraj-ud-daulah ascended the throne of Bengal.
Ans: True
2. Hector Munro, led the British forces in the battle of Plassey.
Ans: False
3. The outbreak of the Austrian war of succession in Europe was led to Second Carnatic War in India.
Ans: False
4. Sir Elijah Impey was the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court at Fort William in
Bengal.
Ans: True
5. The Police system was created by Lord Cornwallis.
Ans: True
V Which one of the following is correctly matched?
a) Battle of Adayar – 1748
b) Battle of Ambur – 1754
c) Battle of Wandiwash – 1760
d) Battle of Arcot – 1749
Ans: c) Battle of Wandiwash – 1760
VI Answer the following in one or two sentences
1. Write a short note on Black Hole Tragedy.
There was a small dungeon room in the Fort William in Calcutta, where troops of the Nawab of Bengal Siraj-ud-daula, held 146 British Prisoners of war for one night. Next day morning, when the door was opened 123 of the prisoners found dead because of suffocation.
2. What were the benefits derived by the English after the Battle of Plassey?
The company gained a huge amount of wealth from the treasury of Bengal and used it to strengthen its military force.
It was the most decisive battle that marked the initiation of British rule in India for the next two centuries.
3. Mention the causes for the Battle of Buxar.
Mir Qasim the son-in-law of the Nawab of Bengal revolted as he was angry with the British for misusing the destakes (free duty passes).
4. What were the causes for the First Mysore War?
Haider Ali’s growing power and his friendly relations with the French became a matter of concern for the English East India Company.
The Marathas, the Nizam and the English entered into a triple alliance against Haider Ali.
5. Bring out the results of the Third Maratha War.
The Maratha confederacy was dissolved and Peshwaship was abolished.
Most of the territory of Peshwa Baji Rao II was annexed and became part of the Bombay Presidency.
6. Name the states signed into Subsidiary Alliance.
The first Indian state to accept the Subsidiary Alliance was Hyderabad (1798). It was followed by Tanjore (1799), Awadh (1801), Peshwa (1802), Bhonsle (1803), Gwalior (1804), Indore (1817), Jaipur, Udaipur and Jodhpur (1818).
VII Answer the following in detail
1. Write an essay on second Carnatic war.
The main cause of this war was the issue of succession in Carnatic and Hyderabad. Anwaruddin Khan and Chanda Sahib were the two claimants to the throne of Carnatic, whereas Nasir Jang and Muzaffar Jang were claimants to the throne of Hyderabad.
Battle of Ambur (1749)
☸Dupleix, Chanda Sahib and Muzaffar Jang formed a grand alliance and defeated and killed Anwar-ud-din Khan, on 3 August 1749 in the Battle of Ambur.
☸Muhammad Ali, the son of Anwarud-din, fled to Trichinopoly (Trichirappalli).
☸Chanda Sahib became the Nawab of Carnatic and rewarded the French with the grant of 80 villages around Pondicherry.
☸The French defeated and killed Nasir Jang and made Muzaffar Jang as the Nizam.
☸The new Nizam gave ample rewards to the French. He appointed Dupleix as the governor of all the territories in south of the river Krishna.
☸Muzaffar Jang was assassinated by his own people in 1751.
☸Salabat Jang, brother of Nasir Jang was raised to the throne by Bussy.
☸Salabat Jang granted the Northern Circars excluding the Guntur District to the French. Dupleix’s power was at its zenith by that time.
Battle of Arcot (1751)
☸Dupleix sent forces to besiege the fort of Trichy where Muhammad Ali had taken shelter.
☸Chanda Sahib also joined with the French in their efforts to besiege Trichy.
☸Robert Clive’s proposal was accepted by the British governor, Saunders, and with only 200 English and 300 Indian soldiers, Clive was entrusted the task of capturing Arcot.
☸Robert Clive defeated the French at Arni and Kaveripak.
☸With the assistance of Major General Stringer Lawrence, Chanda Sahib was killed in Trichy.
☸Muhammad Ali was made the Nawab of Arcot under British protection.
☸The French Government recalled Dupleix to Paris.
Treaty of Pondicherry (1755)
☸Dupleix was succeeded by Godeheu who agreed the treaty of Pondicherry.
☸New forts should not be built by either power. The treaty made the British stronger.
☸The second Carnatic war also proved inconclusive.
☸The English proved their superiority on land by appointing Mohammad Ali as the Nawab of Carnatic.
☸The French were still very powerful in Hyderabad.
2. Give an account of the Fourth Anglo Mysore war.
Causes
☸Tipu sought alliance with foreign powers against the English and sent ambassadors to Arabia, Turkey, Afghanistan and the French.
☸Tipu was in correspondence with Napoleon who invaded Egypt at that time.
☸The French officers came to Srirangapatnam where they founded a Jacobin Club and planted the Tree of Liberty.
Course
☸Wellesley declared war against Tipu in 1799.
☸The war was short and decisive. As planned, the Bombay army under General Stuart invaded Mysore from the west.
☸The Madras army, which was led by the GovernorGeneral’s brother, Arthur Wellesley, forced Tipu to retreat to his capital Srirangapatnam.
☸On 4th May 1799 Srirangapatnam was captured.
☸Tipu fought bravely and was killed finally. Thus ended the fourth Mysore War and the whole of Mysore lay prostrate before the British.
Mysore after the War
☸The English occupied Kanara, Wynad, Coimbatore, Darapuram and Srirangapattinam. ☸Krishna Raja Odayar of the former Hindu royal family was brought to the throne. ☸Tipu’s family was sent to the fort of Vellore.
3. Describe the policy adopted by Lord Dalhousie to expand the British empire in India.
☸Lord Dalhousie adopted a new policy known as Doctrine of Lapse to extend British Empire.
☸He made use of this precedent and declared in 1848 that if the native rulers adopted children without the prior permission of the Company, only the personal properties of the rulers would go to the adopted sons and the kingdoms would go to the British paramount power.
☸This principle was called the Doctrine of Lapse.
☸It was bitterly opposed by the Indians and it was one of the root causes for the great revolt of 1857.
☸By applying the Doctrine of Lapse policy, Dalhousie annexed Satara in 1848, Jaipur and Sambalpur in1849, Baghat in 1850, Udaipur in 1852, Jhansi in1853 and Nagpur in 1854.
4. How did Lord Wellesley expand the British power in India?
Lord Wellesley introduced the system of Subsidiary Alliance to bring the princely states under the control of the British. It was the most effective instrument for the expansion of British territory and political influence in India.
Main Features of Subsidiary Alliance
An Indian ruler entering into this alliance with the British had to dissolve his own armed forces and accept British Forces.
A British Resident would stay in his capital.
Towards the maintenance charges of the army, he should make annual payments or cede some territory permanently to the Company.
All the non-English European officials should be turned out of his state.
The native ruler should deal with foreign states only through the English Company
The British would undertake to defend the state from internal trouble as well as external attack.
