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CLASS VI T3 SS U1 Society and Culture in Ancient Tamizhagam: The Sangam Age Textbook solutions
TERM - III
Unit 1
Society and Culture in Ancient Tamizhagam: The Sangam Age
Exercise
I.Choose the correct answer
1. Pattini cult in Tamil Nadu was introduced by ___________.
a) Pandyan Neduncheliyan b) Cheran Senguttuvan
c) Ilango Adigal d) Mudathirumaran
Ans:b) Cheran Senguttuvan
2. Which dynasty was not in power during the Sangam Age?
a) Pandyas b) Cholas
c) Pallavas d) Cheras
Ans: c) Pallavas
3. The rule of Pandyas was followed by ___________.
a) Satavahanas b) Cholas
c) Kalabhras d) Pallavas
Ans: c) Kalabhras
4. The lowest unit of administration during the Sangam Age was ___________.
a) Mandalam b) Nadu
c) Ur d) Pattinam
Ans:c) Ur
5. What was the occupation of the inhabitants of the Kurinji region?
a) Plundering c) Cattle rearing
c) Hunting and gathering d) Agriculture
Ans: c) Hunting and gathering
II. Read the Statement and tick the appropriate answer
1. Assertion (A): The assembly of the poets was known as Sangam.
Reason (R): Tamil was the language of Sangam literature.
a) Both A and R are true. R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true. R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) Both A and R is not true.
Ans: b) Both A and R are true. R is not the correct explanation of A.
2. Which of the following statements are not true?
1. Karikala won the battle of Talayalanganam.
2. The Pathitrupathu provides information about Chera Kings.
3. The earliest literature of the Sangam age was written mostly in the form of prose.
a) 1 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 only
Ans: b) 1 and 3 only
3. The ascending order of the administrative division in the ancient Tamizhagam was
a) Ur˂ Nadu ˂ Kurram ˂ Mandalam
b) Ur ˂ Kurram ˂ Nadu ˂Mandalam
c) Ur ˂Mandalam ˂ Kurram ˂ Nadu
d) Nadu ˂ Kurram ˂ Mandalam ˂Ur
Ans: b) Ur ˂ Kurram ˂ Nadu ˂Mandalam
4. Match the following dynasties with the Royal Insignia
A) Chera - 1. Two Fish
B) Chola - 2. Tiger
C) Pandya - 3. Bow and arrow
a) 3 2 1
b) 1 2 3
c) 3 1 2
d) 2 1 3
Ans: a) 3 2 1
III. Fill in the blanks
1. The battle of Venni was won by ____________________.
Ans: Karikalan
2. The earliest Tamil grammar work of the Sangam period was_____________.
Ans: Tholkappiyam
3. _______________built Kallanai across the river Kaveri.
Ans: Karikalan
4. The chief of the army was known as _________________
Ans: Thanaithalaivan
5. Land revenue was called ______________
Ans: Irai
IV. True or False
1. The singing bards of the Sangam age were called Irular.
Ans: False
2. Caste system developed during the Sangam period.
Ans: False
3. Kizhar was the village chief.
Ans: True
4. Puhar was the general term for city.
Ans: False
5. Coastal region was called Marudham.
Ans: False
V.Match
a. Thennar - Pandyas
b. Vanavar - Cheras
c. Senni - Cholas
d. Adiyaman - Velir
VI. Answer in one or two sentences
1. Name any two literary sources to reconstruct the history of ancient Tamizhagam.
Tholkappiyam, Ettuthogai (eight anthologies), Pathupattu (ten idylls), PathinanKeezhkanakku.
2. What was Natukkal or Virakkal?
The ancient Tamils had a great respect for the heroes who died in the battlefield. The hero stones were erected to commemorate heroes who sacrificed their lives in war
3. Name five thinais mentioned in the Sangam literature.
Kurinji
Mullai
Marutham
Neithal
Palai
4. Name any two archaeological sites related to Sangam period.
Adichanallur, Arikamedu, Kodumanal, Puhar etc.
5. Name the seven patrons (Kadaiyelu Vallalgal).
The famous seven patrons (KadaiyezhuVallalgal) were Pari, Kari, Ori, Pegan, Ay, Adiyaman and Nalli.
6. Name any three Tamil poetic works of Kalabhra period.
Seevaka Chinthamani
Kundalakesi
Periapuranam
VII. Answer the following
1. Discuss the status of women in the Sangam Society.
There was no restriction for women in social life. There were learned and wise women. Forty women poets had lived and left behind their valuable works. Marriage was a matter of self-choice. However, chastity (karpu) was considered the highest virtue of women. Sons and daughters had equal shares in their parents’ property.
Women Poets of Sangam Age Avvaiyar, Velli Veethiyar, Kakkaipadiniyar, Aathi Manthiyar, Pon Mudiyar
VIII. HOTs
1. Karikal Valavan is regarded as the greatest Chola king. Justify.
KarikalValavan or Karikalan was the most famous of the Chola kings.
He defeated the combined army of the Cheras, Pandyas and the eleven Velir chieftains who supported them at Venni, a small village in the Thanjavur region.
He converted forests into cultivable lands.
He built Kallanai across the river Kaveri to develop agriculture.
The Pattinapaalai, a poetic work in the Pathinenkeezhkanakku, gives elaborate information of the trading activity during the rule of Karikalan.
2. The period of Kalabhra is not a dark age. Give reasons.
The Kalabhras had occupied the Tamil country for about two and half centuries.
Kalabhras left neither artefacts nor monuments. But there is evidence of their rule in literary texts.
The literary sources for this period include Tamil Navalar Charithai, Yapernkalam and Periapuranam.
Seevaka Chinthamani and Kundalakesi were also written during this period.
Jainism and Buddhism became prominent during this period.
Introduction of Sanskrit and Prakrit languages had resulted in the development of a new script called Vattezhuththu.
Many works under Pathinen Keezhkanakku were composed.
Trade and commerce continued to flourish during this period.
So the Kalabhra period is not a dark age, as it is portrayed.
